Improvement in springs



H. N. BLACK.

Carriage Spring.

Patented May 1869.

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initrd wat gaat owns HORATIO N. BLACK, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Lette/rs Patent No. 89,621, dated May 4, 1869. I

IMPRQVEMIENT IN `SIIPIRIJiI'G-S.

W i The Schedule referredv to in these Letters Patent and making part f the same.

Be it known that I, HORATIO N. BLACK, of Philadelphia, in the countyof Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Springs; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description of the construction and operation ot the same, ref`er ence being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure-l is a perspective view;

Figure 2 is a front view of a single spring;

Figure 3 is a front view of an old-style spring and Figure 4 is a perspective view of the spring used for connecting a series.

In that class of springs in which two arches are combined, as iny iig. 3, the forces indicated by the arrows a and b have a tendency to move the Yends of each spring in the direction of the arrows c and d, and as there is nothing but the elasticity of the materials to counteract this tendency, a considerable number of plates is needed for each arch, to make a spring of the required stiffness.

In order to obviate this diiculty, I have devised the spring shown in fig. 2, which consists of an arc, g, and chord hi`astened together at the ends by any wellknown means.

The arrows a and b show the acting forces, and ed, c d indicate the effect of these forces upon the ends of -the spring.

It will be noticed that the arrows point in opposite directions, showing that the tendency of the force a to increase the distance between the ends of g is counteracted by b, which tends to diminish the distance between the ends of h.

The motion of the ends ofthe spring being thus restrained, a greater resistance is offered to the forces a and b, hence a spring composed of single plates combined, as in fig. 2, will sustain as much as a. spring of several plates, arranged as in iig. 3, and thus a largeA -v siderable, two or lnore sections, as shown in fig. l,

should be employed.

In Iigs. 1 andf is represented my improved method of connecting the sections, dispensing entirely with the use of bolts, clamps, rivets, 86o.

A rectangular plate, similar to those which form the arcs and chords of the improved spring, is split longitndinally, to within a short distanceof its centre, as

in iig. 4, one half, e-,being bentto conform to the arc of the spring on which it is intended to rest. The

other half, j, is left straight, but shaped at the ends to form a connection with the chord of the succeeding spring, or with the object, It, Iig. l, which the spring supports.

I do not claim, as my invention, a spring made of curved plates, when the ends thereof are rigidly fastened, or when said ends have a tendency to move in the same direction; but

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

'lhe relative arrangement and combination of the series of springs or sections, substantially as described herein. v

HORATIO N. BLACK. Witnesses:

O. O. KLEIN, Cms. E. PANcoAscr. 

